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Part II: Development of Mass Spectrometry and Its Application in Biological Research

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Types of Commonly U sed M ass S pectrometer s The subjects of biological research are generally complex macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, sugars, lipids, and various small molecules. The nature of various types of biomolecules also varies widely. Therefore, various  types of mass spectrometers  are  used in biological research. The c ommon used ones  for biological research  include quadrupole mass spectromete r, t ime of f light m ass s pectrometer , ion trap mass spectrometer an d i on cyclotron resonance   mass spectrometer . Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer (TOF) The mass-to-charge ratio of ions determined by this type of mass spectrometer is derived by analyzing the time of flight of the ions in the vacuum flight tube. After continuous improvement, the TOF mass spectrometer has greatly improved in resolution and precision. The accuracy can reach PPM level after the post-correction procedure, and the detected ion mass range can reach several hundred th

Part I: Development of Mass Spectrometry and Its Application in Biological Research

As a commonly used technology in biological research today, mass spectrometry is becoming increasingly  important in biological research by quickly and efficiently measuring the advantages of complex biological macromolecules and small molecules. Mechanism of M ass S pectrometry Mass spectrometry  analysis   is a method of analyzing a sample by measuring and analyzing the mass-to-charge ratio of the sample ions. The mass spectrometer is roughly divided into three parts , ion source, mass analyzer, and detector. The mass analyzer is the core component of the mass spectrometer, which determines the sensitivity, resolution, ability to generate ion fragments, and accuracy of the mass   spectrometer.   Before the sample is analyzed, it is first ionized in order to bring a certain charge to the sample molecule. Next, the charged ions  will  first driven through an accelerated electric field and fly into an analytical electric or magnetic field. Due to the difference in the mass of t

Mass Spectrometry’s History and Applications in Biological Research

As a commonly used technology in biological research today, mass spectrometry is known as one of the most popular   techniques  in biological research by  quickly and efficiently measuring the advantages of complex biological macromolecules and small molecules. The History of M ass S pectrometry The first mass spectrometer ,  invented by J. J. Thomson , has been around for more than 90 years . It was mainly used for the determination of inorganic elements in chemical experiments. With the development of mass spectrometry technology  and computer technology,   mass spectrometer has gradually been applied in the analysis of more complex biomolecules, including amino acid , protein, lipids, sugar and so on. Although the history of mass spectrometry and the time it has been applied to biological research are much shorter than those of microscopes, the importance of mass spectrometry in biological research is irreplaceable as a n  accurate   means of   analyzing biomolecules. M